south africa animals and plants

and humpback whales and enormous pods of dolphins year-round. With a land surface of 1,1 million square km – representing only 1% of the world’s total land surface – South Africa contains almost 10% of the world’s total known bird, fish and plant species, and over 6% of the world’s mammal and reptile species. The list includes, but is not limited to: the Cape vulture, African wild dog, three sets of crane, riverine rabbit , the Cape parrot , Knysna seahorse, De Winton’s golden mole, the rare tsessebe , the oribi , and suni (Livingstone’s antelope). Latest; Featured posts; Most popular; 7 days popular; By review score; Random iSimangaliso Wetland Park: South Africa’s coastal jewel. Smaller carnivores include mongooses, genets, the caracal, the serval, the African wildcat, the Cape fox, the side-striped jackal, the black-backed jackal, meerkats, and the African clawless otter. The TSP is mandated to monitor and report on the conservation status of South Africa’s indigenous plant and animal species. By 1806 the British had taken over the Dutch settlement. There are seventeen species of golden mole, a family limited to southern Africa, five species of elephant shrew, many species of shrews, the southern African hedgehog, the aardvark, various hares and the critically endangered riverine rabbit. Families unique to South Africa include Grubbiaceae (), Bruniaceae (), Lanariaceae (), Roridulaceae (PlantZAfrica.com), and Geissolomataceae (Phylogeny of Angiosperms). [9] The Mediterranean climate produces hot, dry summers, and many of the plants have underground storage organs allowing them to resprout after fires. In 1652 the Dutch set up a colony on the southwest coast. The World Wide Fund for Nature divides this region into three ecoregions: the Lowland fynbos and renosterveld, the Montane fynbos and renosterveld and the Albany thickets. African Savanna National Geographic Society . South Africa has a wealth of small antelope species, such as the aforementioned klipspringer and Cape grysbok, common duiker, blue duiker, steenbok and oribi. Good Hope Garden Nursery shared some great tips on indigenous plants that you can easily grow and harvest in your very own garden for medicinal remedies and exciting culinary experiences. South Africa is home to more than 22 000 indigenous seed plants from almost 230 different families. The giraffe is found in such African countries as Kenya, Cameroon, Chad, Niger, Uganda, South Africa, Namibia, and Botswana. While that seems like plenty, it all takes place in only a six-to-eight-month period. However, it was not until 1652 that the Europeans founded a colon… [17], There is a rich fauna of reptiles and amphibians, with 447 species of reptile recorded in the country (as compiled by the Reptile Database),[18] and 132 species of amphibian (compiled by AmphibiaWeb). African savanna national geographic society plant stock illustrations 10 559 vectors clipart dreamstime africa san diego zoo animals plants endangered of the vector illustration and plants: lion baboon elephant giraffe rhino trees grass isolat cartoon tree. Africa, the land with an abundance of different kinds and species of animals. woodlands, coastal forests and grasslands - supporting an astounding diversity of [4], The most prevalent biome in the country is the grassland, particularly on the Highveld, where the plant cover is dominated by different species of grass; fires, frosts and grazing pressure result in few trees occurring here, but geophytes (bulbs) are plentiful and there is a high level of plant diversity, especially on the escarpments. To the north of Highveld, the plateau slopes downwards into the Bushveld, which ultimately gives way to the Limpopo lowlands or Lowveld. There are several species of water-storing succulents, like aloes and euphorbias, in the very hot and dry Namaqualand area. Republic of South Africa. They became known as Boers, meaning “farmers.” (Later they became known as Afrikaners.) These are preyed upon mainly by lions. The country has a range of different habitat types and an ecologically rich and diverse wildlife, vascular plants being particularly abundant, many of them endemic to the country. Fossils provide us with a record of the history of life on Earth. Register to receive our latest news and updates. There is a similar story to Africa’s with animals going on in South America, with plants. These remains of ancient plants and animals are called fossils. South America - South America - Animal life: South American animal life is particularly rich and well diversified as a result of the wide range of habitats. It is bordered by Namibia, Botswana and Zimbabwe to the north, by Mozambique and Eswatini (Swaziland) to the northeast, by the Indian Ocean to the east and south, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the coastline extending for more than 2,500 km (1,600 mi). A typical species is the silver tree, which grows naturally only on Table Mountain. There are significant numbers of baobab trees in this area, near the northern end of Kruger National Park. The country experiences a high degree of sunshine with rainfall about half of the global average, increasing from west to east, and with semi-desert regions in the north-west. At the end of the 15th Century the Portuguese sailed past the Cape of Good Hope. 14 Sep 2017. South Africa is home to approximately 175 endemic bird species, as well as hundreds more species. [5] Vegetation becomes even more sparse towards the northwest due to low rainfall. Each chapter is written by a leading expert in the field. The staff of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) at the United States Embassy in Pretoria, in conjunction with our colleagues at the Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) Pretoria office, represent the interests of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) in South Africa. The vegetation here is dominated by dwarf succulent plants, with many endemic species of both plants and animals. The karoo occupies much of the drier western half of the country; this area is influenced by its proximity to the Atlantic and has winter rainfall. The Portuguese sailed around the southern tip of Africa in the late 1400s. There are also black and white rhinoceroses, African elephant, African wild dog, cheetah, leopard, lion and spotted hyena. This article will take you on an African safari with the following African animals list. The Coatimundi (or Coati) is related to the raccoon family, and is mostly found in South and North America, especially in Mexico and Peru. African Plants Animals. with another must-see list, the Little Five: There's more to South African wildlife than the celebrated "Big Five". There are also larger artiodactyl species, such as the Cape buffalo, common eland and the giraffe. The interior of the country consists of a large, nearly flat, plateau with an altitude of between 1,000 m (3,300 ft) and 2,100 m (6,900 ft). This animal the most illegally trafficked mammal in the world. Of these, 125 species are vagrants, and about 30 are endemic either to South Africa, or the more inclusive South Africa/Lesotho/Eswatini region. [21], Amphibian diversity reflects the many diverse habitats around the country. [6], There are few forests in the country, these being largely restricted to patches on mountains and escarpments in high rainfall areas and gallery forests, and much of the plateau area is covered by grassland and savanna. South Africa's large areas of semi-desert scrub and grassland might suggest a Of these, 153 species are considered to be threatened. July 24, 2018. [13], With its diverse habitat types, South Africa has a wide range of residential and migratory species. It features over 2,000 carefully selected plants and animals, large and small, that are likely to be encountered during a visit to any part of the region. This illustrated field guide to the animals and plants of southern Africa is updated with all the latest taxonomy and common names. Of special interest is the pollination biology of the plants, many of which rely on ants, termites, birds or mammals for this function, the adaptions they have made to the fire risk, and the high level of adaptive radiation and speciation. It features over 2 000 carefully selected plants and animals, large and small, that are likely to be encountered during a visit to any part of the region. South Africa has a truly spectacular flora: only Australia has more endemic families or genera and South Africa has over 13,000 vascular plant species found nowhere else (SAJS WM pdf file). Fynbos is a belt of natural shrubland located in the Western Cape and Eastern Cape provinces with a unique flora dominated by ericas, proteas and restios. Animals and Plants. According to the 2018 edition of The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World, 849 species of bird have been recorded in South Africa and its offshore islands. Fast and free shipping free returns cash on delivery available on eligible purchase. To escape British rule, many Boers moved north during the 1830s … These countries have wild grassland plains, woodlands, and the savannas which are suited for them. The Botanical Society of South Africa encourages the wise use of indigenous plants in southern Africa. 2018. It is also the proud home of 10% of the world's flowering species, making it a major contributor to the global ecological scene. This book has been a trusted field companion for many years. A giraffe is social, and females live in groups of 10 to 12 animals. To the north the Great Karoo fades into the drier and more arid Bushmanland, which eventually becomes the Kalahari Desert in the far north-west of the country. animal, bird and marine life. [2], A total of 23,420 species of vascular plant has been recorded in South Africa, making it the sixth most species-rich country in the world and the most species-rich country on the African continent. Carli Koch 1 minute read. In the plateau area, the influence of the sea is reduced, and the daily temperature range is much wider; here the summer days are very hot, while the nights are usually cool, with the possibility of frosts in winter. [1], The climate of South Africa is influenced by its position between two oceans and its elevation. varied and abundant. The Western Cape experiences a Mediterranean climate with winter rainfall, but most of the country has more rain in summer. Cold and warm coastal currents running north-west and north-east respectively account for the difference in climates between west and east coasts. The iSimangaliso Wetland Park is one of the jewels of South Africa's coastline, with a The South African national symbols include three animals and two plants, the Springbok, the Blue Crane, the Galjoen, the King Protea, and the Yellowwood Tree. Primates are represented by the Mohol bushbaby, the brown greater galago, the Sykes' monkey, the vervet monkey and the chacma baboon. Wild animals in South Africa are under threat, as they are everywhere in the world, of losing habitat, or being hunted to the verge of extinction. Brand South Africa joins forces with Proudly South African at the... Stellenbosch wine tourism campaign goes global, Survey: South Africa is ‘extremely friendly’, Cooking in Cariema Isaacs’ Cape Malay kitchen, Trek4Mandela returns to Kilimanjaro to remember Gugu Zulu and honour Mandela. In fact, there are 6 recognised Floral Kingdoms in the world and one of them can be found in the Cape – the Cape Floristic Region. Other endemic flora species from this region include the Bird of Paradise Flower, the Red Disa, the Rhinoceros Bush, the Cushion Restio, the Clanwillia… A total of 23,420 species of vascular plant has been recorded in South Africa, making it the sixth most species-rich country in the world and the most species-rich country on the African continent. The brown fur seal and other species of seal occur on the coasts and the waters around the country are visited by numerous species of whale and dolphin. Worse, some regions receive as little as six inches of rainfall, making them little more hospitable than … The rest of the year, the grasslands are almost completely dry. The grass and thorn savannah turns slowly into a bush savannah towards the north-east of the country, with denser growth. From big cats to charismatic penguins, majestic elephants and speedy cheetahs, South Africa is home to a diverse range of wildlife. South Africa has a very important collection of fossils. [19] South Africa has the richest diversity of reptiles of any African country. Then about 2,000 years ago people in the west learned to herd sheep and cattle. The color of their body is reddish or … certain poverty of plant life. The wildlife of South Africa consists of the flora and fauna of this country in southern Africa. Comprehensively updated, it now features range maps for most groups. can hold up to 60 grass species, nothing could be further from the truth. This book has been a trusted field companion for many years. This new edition of the best-selling and well-known illustrated field guide to the animals and plants of southern Africa is fully updated with all the latest taxonomy and common names. This region occupies less than 0.5% of the area of the African continent yet has almost 20% of its plant species, almost 70% of the 9,000 plant species being endemic to the region. African Savanna National Geographic Society. Of these, 153 species are considered to be threatened. [16] Some birds breed elsewhere but migrate to South Africa to overwinter, while others breed in the country but migrate away in the non-breeding season. Moreover, because of its isolation from the rest of the world during Paleogene and Neogene times (about 66 to 2.6 million years ago), the South American landmass is characterized by considerable biological originality. There are two main types of fossils - body and trace fossils. Depending on the region, the savanna can receive between 20 and 50 inches of rainfall annually. The Cape Floral Region, one of South Africa's eight World Heritage sites, comprises eight protected areas stretching from the Cape Peninsula to the Eastern Cape, cutting across spectacular mountain and ocean scenery and containing some of the richest plant biodiversity in the world. whether from land or from boats, with spectacular annual visits from southern right The Kruger National Park alone has well over 10 000 elephants and 20 000 buffaloes – in 1920 there were an estimated 120 elep… Edible indigenous plants offer a great way to eat well and garden with indigenous plants. The mid-eastern, and highest part of the plateau is known as the Highveld. By subscribing you will receive continuous newsworthy information. It supports a wide range of ungulates including Burchell's zebra, impala, greater kudu, blue wildebeest, waterbuck, warthog, Cape buffalo, giraffe and hippopotamus. Winters are mild in coastal regions, particularly in the Eastern Cape. An endemic family of the non-vascular plant is the aquatic moss Wardiaceae. There are many animals of the African wilderness, that call the continent of Africa home. You can see more African animals on this page: African Animals with Pictures and Facts. Famed for its national parks and big game, 297 species of mammal have been recorded in South Africa, as well as 858 species of bird and over 20,000 species of vascular plants. Species of interest include the endemic western leopard toad and the arum frog, the bronze caco, the spotted snout-burrower and the critically endangered Rose's ghost frog, found only on the slopes of Table Mountain. With approximately 21,000 plant species originating in South Africa, it’s no secret that South Africa is blessed with an abundant floral kingdom. Smaller animals include mongooses, jackals, and various cats, such as the caracal. [15], The common ostrich is plentiful on the open grassland and savannah areas. Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Tumblr Pinterest WhatsApp Telegram Share via Email Print. Animals and plants sometimes died in mud, and the mud kept their shape or preserved their remains. There is some concern that the Cape Floristic Region is experiencing one of the most rapid rates of extinction in the world due to habitat destruction, land degradation, and invasive alien plants. Fire kills many of the trees but triggers the germination of the seeds, founding the next generation of these short-lived trees. Although probably best known for Kruger National Park and its enviable populations of megafauna such as rhinos, elephants, giraffes and lions, South Africa has even more to offer thanks to its incredible diversity of landscapes. [14] The endemic species include the southern black and blue korhaans, the grey-winged francolin, the Knysna turaco, the Hottentot buttonquail, the southern bald ibis, the forest buzzard, the ground woodpecker, the Cape and Drakensberg rockjumpers, the Cape, eastern and Agulhas long-billed larks, the red, Karoo, Rudd's and Botha's larks, the Cape bulbul, the Victorin's and Knysna warblers, the Drakensberg prinia, the bush blackcap, the Cape sugarbird, the chorister robin-chat, the sentinel and Cape rock thrushes, the buff-streaked chat, the pied starling, and the orange-breasted sunbird. The chapters are colour-coded for easy reference, and diagnostic features appear in bold type within the descriptions. South Africa is recognised as one of the most biodiverse countries in the world. This relatively well-watered area is home to a great proportion of the country's commercial farmlands. As of 2017, globally, tropical forests were being destroyed at a rate of 31,000 square miles (at least 8 million hectares) — an area the size of the state of South Carolina–every year. unique mosaic of ecosystems - swamps, lakes, beaches, coral reefs, wetlands, About 200 AD people mixed farming (growing crops as well as raising livestock) and iron tools were introduced into the east of South Africa. Best known are the mammals, and the best known of these are the famous Big Five: elephant, lion, rhino, leopard and buffalo. mammals, This is a hotspot of diversity of endemic plants, many of which are threatened, and demonstrates ongoing ecological and evolutionary processes. Buy The wildlife of South Africa: A field guide to the animals and plants of the region by Carruthers, Vincent online on Amazon.ae at best prices. In the dryer parts of South Africa, blue buffalo grass is well adapted. To remedy this, some clever people came up CD Anderson The all-women Black Mamba anti-poaching unit is renowned around the world for their committed efforts to protect South African wildlife, in particular the... Pangolins are mammals distinctive for their protective keratin scales and largely solitary existence. They used stone tools. [10], Some 297 species of mammal have been recorded in South Africa, of which 30 species are considered threatened. [8], The Cape Floral Region Protected Areas is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, a group of about thirteen protected areas that together cover an area of over a million hectares. Comprehensively updated, the fourth edition now features range maps for most groups. To be updated on Brand South Africa news and events join our media list. The weather pattern is also influenced by the El Niño–Southern Oscillation. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2018. small, meat eater to ant eater, primate to reptile ... our animals (and birds) are wild, [22] Another endangered endemic species is the Natal diving frog. South Africa has over 13,000 vascular plant species that are found nowhere else. From big to There are numerous species of bat and a great many species of rodent. Here's... iSimangaliso Wetland Park: South Africa’s coastal jewel, Global conservation award for DRC park ranger and environmentalist, Saving Kenyan wildlife from drought, one truck at a time, South Africa’s Black Mambas inspire Hollywood film, Zimbabwe’s protectors of the secretive pangolin, AFRICA: OPEN FOR ALL TYPES OF TRAVEL EXPERIENCES, Brand South Africa to participate in Africa Travel Indaba 2019, Transport Minister launches 2018 festive season Road Safety Campaign. The Fynbos vegetation consists mainly of sclerophyllous shrubland. Here are 12 awesome animals you have to see on your South African vacation. Rodrigue Katembo, a former child soldier in the Democratic Republic of Congo, has been awarded an international environmental prize for his work as a... Patrick Mwalua drives a truck hundreds of kilometres four times a week to deliver much needed water supplies to animals in Kenya's drought-stricken Tsavo... South Africa is one of the best destinations worldwide for watching marine [3] Nine biomes have been described in South Africa: Fynbos, Succulent Karoo, desert, Nama Karoo, grassland, savanna, Albany thickets, the Indian Ocean coastal belt, and forests. Some animals and plants live in a forest or cave habitat because they prefer cooler, shady areas. They are usually 127 centimeters in length, and they weigh around 11 kilograms. [1], The south and south-western parts of the plateau, at approximately 1,100 to 1,800 m (3,600 to 5,900 ft) above sea level, and the adjoining plain below, at approximately 700 to 800 m (2,300 to 2,600 ft) above sea level, is known as the Great Karoo, and consists of sparsely populated shrubland. Families of plants unique to South Africa include Grubbiaceae, Bruniaceae, Lanariaceae, Roridulaceae, and Geissolomataceae. Migratory species include the greater striped swallow, white-rumped swift, white stork, African pygmy kingfisher, yellow-billed kite and the European bee-eater. By far the greatest challenge facing any life on the savanna is the inconsistent rain patterns. [7] This area is part of the Cape Floristic Region. South Africa is home to many of Africa’s most famous animals, including lions, leopards, cheetahs, wildebeest, rhinos, hippos, giraffes and elephants. Notable endemic varieties include the Black Oystercatcher, Blue Crane, Cape Parrot, Cape Vulture, Forest Canary, Ground Woodpecker, Jackal Buzzard, Knysna Turaco, Namaqua Sandgrouse, Protea Seedeater, Southern Bald Ibis, Southern Pale Chanting Goshawk, Whitebacked Mousebird, and the Yellow-breasted Pipit. In South Africa, there are many forest areas. [12], Elsewhere in the country there are gemsbok, alternatively known as oryx, nyala, bushbuck and springbok. Not that giraffe, hippo or whale are small … South Africa’s bushveld and savannah regions are still home to large numbers of the mammals universally associated with Africa. [23], The following have been designated as national parks in South Africa:[24], Some animals occurring in South Africa are classified as "endangered" or "critically endangered". South Africa is located in subtropical southern Africa, lying between 22°S and 35°S. Some plants and animals choose to live in the hot, dry desert. Among its more than 200 mammal species are lions, leopards, elephants, rhinoceroses, hippopotamuses, zebras, baboons, and many kinds of antelope. There are few forested areas, much savanna grassland, semi-arid Karoo vegetation and the fynbos of the Cape Floristic Region. Animals and Plants; Geography and Climate; Travel; Latest . The eastern, and highest, part of this is the Drakensberg, the highest point being Mafadi (3,450 m (11,320 ft)), which is on the border with Lesotho, a country surrounded by South Africa. Endemic species include the angulate tortoise and geometric tortoise, the Zululand dwarf chameleon, the Transkei dwarf chameleon and the Robertson dwarf chameleon, the Broadley's flat lizard, the dwarf Karoo girdled lizard, the Soutpansberg rock lizard, and the yellow-bellied house snake. These plants and animals do not need as much water as other types of plants and animals. Downloaded from, The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World, "Total number of plant species by country", "Total number of mammal species by country", http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/, 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T45020636A95139620.en, "Total number of reptile species, by country", "Total number of amphibian species, by country", List of Southern African indigenous trees and woody lianes, List of marine animals of the Cape Peninsula and False Bay, List of seaweeds of the Cape Peninsula and False Bay, Drakensberg alti-montane grasslands and woodlands, Drakensberg montane grasslands, woodlands and forests, Maputaland-Pondoland bushland and thickets, Nieuwoudtville-Roggeveld Dolerite Renosterveld, Richtersveld Sandy Coastal Scorpionstailveld, Southern Namaqualand Quartzite Klipkoppe Shrubland, Southern Richtersveld Inselberg Shrubland, Stinkfonteinberge Eastern Apron Shrubland, Pondoland-Natal Sandstone Coastal Sourveld, Subantarctic Biotic Herbfield and Grassland, Addo Elephant National Park Marine Protected Area, Namaqua National Park Marine Protected Area, Table Mountain National Park Marine Protected Area, Agulhas Bank Complex Marine Protected Area, Browns Bank Complex Marine Protected Area, iSimangaliso Offshore Marine Protected Area, Namaqua Fossil Forest Marine Protected Area, Prince Edward Islands Marine Protected Area, Southeast Atlantic Seamounts Marine Protected Area, Southwest Indian Seamounts Marine Protected Area, Port Elizabeth Corals Marine Protected Area, Department of Environment, Forestry and Fisheries, Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan Municipality, South African Association for Marine Biological Research, South African Environmental Observation Network, South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology Virtual Museum, University of KwaZulu-Natal Botanical Garden, List of authors of South African botanical taxa, List of authors of South African animal taxa, Environmental impact of recreational diving, International Union for Conservation of Nature, South African Sustainable Seafood Initiative, National Environmental Management Act, 1998, National Environmental Management: Biodiversity Act, 10 of 2004, National Environmental Management: Integrated Coastal Management Act, 24 of 2008, National Environmental Management: Protected Areas Act, 57 of 2003, List of field guides to South African biota, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wildlife_of_South_Africa&oldid=983002356, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 11 October 2020, at 17:32. Aside from the fact that a tract of pristine grassland Perennial pasture grasses include Smuts finger grass (Digitaria eriantha), Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana), Weeping lovegrass (Eragrostis curvula), Paspalum and the tasty Guinea grass (Panicum maximum), and also called white buffalo grass. Affordable and search from millions of royalty free images, photos and vectors. The National Flower: King Protea . A field guide to the wildlife of southern Africa, describing over 2,000 plants and animals, with accurate illustrations in full colour. Nine biomes have been described in South Africa: Fynbos, Succulent Karoo, desert, Nama Karoo, grassland, savanna, Albany thickets, the Indian Ocean coastal belt, and forests. Over a hundred thousand years ago people in what is now South Africa lived by hunting animals and gathering plants. Besides the most well known animals like lions, leopards and elephants there are such species as rhinoceroses, hippopotamuses, baboons, mongooses, jackals, various cats and many kind of antelopes living in the South African nature environment. They slowly expanded their settlements, planted crops, and raised livestock. As the Boers moved east, they fought with many African peoples, especially the Xhosa. A field guide to the wildlife of southern Africa, describing over 2,000 plants and animals, with clear illustrations in full colour. [20], Also included among the fauna are the Nile crocodile, the leopard tortoise, the Speke's hinge-back tortoise, the serrated hinged terrapin, various chameleons, lizards, geckos and skinks, the cape cobra, the black mamba, the eastern green mamba, the puff adder, the mole snake and a range of other venomous and non-venomous snakes. So high is South Africa’s plant … neglecting a wealth of smaller wildlife. Download South african animals stock photos. Anthony Bannister/Animals Animals South Africa is rich in the wild animal life of the Old World. Visitors to South Africa are always keen to see the country's celebrated Big Five - [11] The Kruger National Park, in the east of the country, is one of the largest national parks in the world, with an area of 19,485 square kilometres (7,523 sq mi) of grassland with scattered trees. These include:[25], Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. A hotspot of diversity of endemic plants, with accurate illustrations in full colour semi-desert and! Might suggest a certain poverty of plant life evolutionary processes plants from almost different! Proportion of the country has more rain in summer, such as Highveld... Have to see the country has more rain in summer over a thousand! Include mongooses, jackals, and highest part of the non-vascular plant is the inconsistent rain patterns known oryx... 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