Opportunities and Challenges for African Aquaculture Daniel Jamu1 and Randall Brummett2 1 WorldFish Center P.O. Simply stated, it is food for work done and food for attaining skills - basically community-based initiatives that utilize food incentives to create physical and human assets. The available water bodies (Bunyonyi (in Kabale), Mutanda, Mulehe, Chahafi, Kayumbu (Kisoro), Kimbugwe and Garubunda (in Rukungiri) could offer opportunities for fish farming in the Southwestern highland Agro-ecological zone of Uganda. President Yoweri Kaguta Museveni said that by 2020 any Ugandan should be able to earn 20 million shillings a year, including all Ugandan farmers. After the conquest of land, farming is conquering water, a much greater challenge. Even this is rapidly changing now; huge research and production efforts by both public and private bodies have been successfully made toward the substitution of fish meal by vegetable and microbial proteins. In other cases they are joint ventures with western organizations, principally feedstuff manufacturers that make aquafeeds. FISH ----- Fisheries Investment for Sustainable Harvest . After a lengthy search, a friend alerted me of the availability of land near the government fish farm in Kajjansi, which i promptly purchased.". Fish farming is fast becoming big business and fish trade requires regulation more than ever to reassure consumers. M.N. A decade or two ago, most people did not know what aquaculture was. A4.2 Constraints of Community-Based Fish Farming—Project Scorecard in Puri District of Orissa and Purulia District of West Bengal115 vii BOXES, FIGURES, AND TABLES. Fish farming in Uganda has been improving way back and as of now, people fish farm not only for home needs but too for cash which is got from both the local and external markets. While some of these concerns have proved unfounded, like GMO fish might cause cancer, there are questions about what might happen if GMO fish escaped in the wild. This put the onus of ecology squarely on fish producers, large and small. Farming in Uganda has been synonymous with raring of animals and cultivating of crops. It is currently establishing mega farms China to meet the demands of the Chinese middle class, estimated to be around 500-600 million. China however, remains the big player, exporting over twice as much in value terms as Norway that clocks in second. cage fish farming system utilizing the vast available scattered inland water bodies. : Smaller local farms and cooperatives are also producing for export but there is a real risk that they may be left behind. Then a public servant with Civil Aviation Authority as an Air Traffic Controller, Digo decided to channel some of the family's savings to start a fish farm. This answer can only be gotten when you start or get involved with fish farming projects in … MARKETING AND CONSUMPTION OF FISH IN UGANDA (Contd.) In the drive to satisfy the appetites of the wealthy, the rural poor should not be forgotten. Source: The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2018, FAO. Aquaculture is practised in freshwater, brackish water and seawater. xiii CIFA ----- Committee on Inland Fisheries of Africa ... managing and developing the fisheries sector in Uganda, and to establish the challenges BMCs face in the process of managing and developing the fisheries sector in Uganda. Developing countries get more revenue from farmed fish exports than from meat, tobacco, rice and sugar combined. All these factors probably make aquaculture more risky than other animal production; sudden losses, sometimes total, can occur due to the events listed above and to disease. BANANA PRODUCTION UAL A guide to successful banana production in Uganda Once the female fish matures, they are brought into temperature controlled hatchery tanks where they are induced with a growth hormone from pituitary glands extracted from fish head. The NARO painted a rosy picture saying that the business was profitable," recalls Digo. Still, fish farming is not a widely practiced trade and the few people engaged in it are facing setbacks because little is know about it. His research for alternatives landed him to a Kenyan government farm in Nairobi. These are low or no input production systems, with little or no need for routine management. Digo's initial plans were to do fish farming as a side business as he continued on with his employment at CAA. In 2014, Thailand, historically the world’s third-largest exporter of fish products, was surpassed by Vietnam, thanks to the rapid market acceptance of its pangasius production, a freshwater white fish that competes successfully with sea-based species such as cod and the freshwater channel catfish produced in the Americas. competition with capture fishers, the tourist industry, land and water environment; Sustainability: it is a function of the recipients’ ability to maintain facilities and equipment after project aid is withdrawn; Value chain: Do projects only concentrate on aquaculture production, when there is also a real need to improve transportation, processing, storage and distribution? M.N. According to Digo, the process of hatching fish starts with getting a mature high quality female fish, which are identified early enough by experts and put in separate ponds. In some years, small areas of the southeast and southwest have averaged more than 150 millimeters per month. Fish Farming in Uganda. WAFICOS Uganda 6th Annual Fish Farmers Symposium. SEC Field Report No. Uganda's favorable soil conditions and climate have contributed to the country's agricultural success. M.N. A4.3 An Integrated Livestock-Fish-Farming System in Indonesia’s Rice-Based Agriculture116 A4.4 Enabling Diffusion and Accelerating Adoption of Technology by the Poor121 A4.5 Group-Based Aquaculture Models in Bangladesh122 … These offer enormous potential for fisheries and aquaculture development, this could contribute to a potential of 45% of GDP, creating 80% employment opportunities. With passion and commitment Geossy invented new affordable cage fishing system, created new process for acquiring baby fish … The biggest source of pollution is the accumulation of fish waste and uneaten food beneath the sea pens … : It’s not a major consumer of water, and that’s a plus for aquaculture. After draining the family's stationery business for fish farming, Digo was not ready to watch while his savings were melting away. M.N. M.N. They hatch 150,000 to 200,000 fish eggs per month and the number will double after installing another temperature regulating machine. Impakter informs you through the magazine and empower’s your sustainable lifestyle with its marketplace. M.N. You expect fish farming to be able to provide (at least in part) the extra food needed for our growing world population? The realization that there was no farm hatching fish at a large scale made Digo switch from his original idea of breeding to maturity for consumption to fish hatchery. Industrial aquaculture development could be left to the private sector; Large-scale aquaculture can create jobs but may also displace rural and coastal communities and their other farming and fisheries activities; Coastal conflicts may be due to aquaculture, e.g. In terrestrial animal farming although many different varieties exist, there are only a few major types of animals farmed – pigs, cattle, sheep, poultry…. Analysis - Farmers harvest fish from a cage set up on the Ugandan portion of Lake Victoria. This poses many technical challenges. I’d like to recall here the original targets for AwF: to enable poor families who live on small plots of land with access to water to grow fish for their family consumption and the sale of excess production to neighbors. Such systems face a number of challenges, particularly in selecting species that integrate well, but that also have sufficient economic value to attract investment. Sunfish Farms Ltd: Digo Tugumisirize with one of his workers. Kajjansi lies about 15 kilometers from Entebbe International Airport on Kampala-Entebbe high way. The answer is not straightforward since environmentalists have for a long time accused fish farming of water pollution and destruction of certain fragile environments, particularly mangroves and wild fish habitats – thus working against SDG#14 (life below water, with targets to “conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources”). I had labored to convince my wife about the viability of the project, basing on the information from government experts and now they were telling me stories.". Average output per ... Canada, Ireland, South Africa and the UK, and ongoing research in many other countries. For example, more than one species can be grown together if they occupy different environmental niches: you can have polyculture – different species grown together in the same enclosure, such as a pond – and co-culture – one species grown in a cage within a pond containing the other species. All along the nearby government fish farm had assured him of an uninterrupted supply of fish eggs as soon as his farm was ready for stocking. There are an estimated 20 000 ponds throughout the country with an average surface area of 500 m² per pond. What about the use of antibiotics in aquaculture? First I was angry at the politics the government fish farm had played but I was also worried that the whole family's savings was really threatened. The buyers include fishmongers, fish farmers and government initiated projects. Thus – reliance on imports. Unfortunately, when something seems to good to be true, it very often is! (NOP), fish farming in the country presents immense opportunities for socio-economicdevelopmentin tennsof[ivelihood,incomeandemployment. M.N. In 2014, Thailand, historically the world’s third-largest exporter of fish products, was surpassed by Vietnam, thanks to the rapid market acceptance of its pangasius production, a freshwater white fish that competes successfully with sea-ba… : Aquaculture in developing countries is already being ‘brought into the 21st century’ in the sense that large corporations have been forming and continue to establish very large farms to supply both domestic and export markets. This opens the way for “fewer but larger operators,” a process well advanced with species such as marine shrimp, tilapia, Atlantic salmon and European sea bass and bream. Perhaps both, but the emphasis in my opinion should be on the latter. He was determined to try what the government was not trying, that is hatching fish on large scale. At that point in his life, Mr. New, OBE, a graduate of Imperial College London, with nearly 40 years of experience in aquaculture and animal feeds, had made major contributions to the expansion of freshwater prawn farming around the world and was eager to put his expertise at the service of the rural poor. banks offering loans to individuals like her earning 30,600shs. Michael New: Aquaculture is much more complex than the farming of traditional terrestrial species, particularly because it is conducted in water, not just with water. Is farmed fish a solution for hunger, the quick way to achieve the United Nations Agenda 2030, in particular, two of the 17 global goals, SDG#1 (no poverty) and SDG#2 (zero hunger)? Episode 1: How are you being sustainable in quarantine? High cost of feed is a persistent challenge affecting fish production as highlighted by various studies in Uganda [5,9,22], Nigeria [17,23,24] and Kenya [25]. finding capital to start a meaningful business. Sometimes these corporations are local; an example is the Charoen Pokphand Group in Thailand, which operates marine shrimp farms and/or aquafeed factories in many countries, from India to Indonesia. This makes it especially prone to problems associated with water quality, climatic events and climatic change. : While FAO’s contribution to the expansion of aquaculture in developing countries is now mainly confined to the dissemination of guidelines and technical information through publications, seminars, workshops, etc., development projects have been conducted by the World Bank, Asian Development Bank, etc. He discovered that the locally available technology was not sufficient for fish hatching and therefore he saw a need to look elsewhere. But rankings are shifting with new entrants. In 1989, there were no Piloted on Lakes Victoria and Katwe, the The State of Cage Fish Farming in Uganda: Actors, Enabling environment, Challenges and Way forward Richard Kifuko1, 2 1 Makerere University, Department of Agricultural Extension and Innovation Studies. "I had initially planned to spend less, but due to sticky clay soils and inaccessibility of the area from the main roads, I was forced to hire heavy bulldozers and ended up spending 50 million shillings draining the family's savings," says Digo. to organize their production and market access. Most areas of Uganda have usually received plenty of rain. Other types of the multiple use of water in aquaculture include rice-fish culture; rice-prawn culture; rice-prawn-fish culture; fish culture combined with aquaponics, etc. The water can generally be reused, either for further aquaculture, or for agricultural purposes like irrigation, although there are losses of water due to evaporation, particularly in tropical and desert locations. Vietnamese farmers can improve their profitability and enhance their resilience against climate impacts by growing shrimp, tilapia, Limiting communication, modifying findings, restricting funding and self-censorship for fear of punishment are some examples of science, Exacerbated by COVID-19 and building on economic and climate challenges, a major debt crisis is brewing in. Challenges notwithstanding, Ugandan agriculture has enormous potential to transform the economy and make farming much more productive and profitable for Ugandan smallholder farmers, the report says. In short, China not only started small-scale fish farming in rural areas over two thousand years ago, but it is now at the head of the aquaculture revolution, embracing the most advanced fish farming techniques in the world, and on a scale never seen before. Looking back, what were the greatest achievements of AwF under your watch? Production in Europe and the USA is not expanding as it should. Another plus for aquaculture is that fish are much more efficient users of feed (better feed conversion ratios) than terrestrial animals. That was quitting by job at CAA against the advise from the already worried family members, friends and my bosses who thought I was losing my head due to the challenges I was undergoing. They will be regularly updated based on information generated through adaptive research. Fish Farming in Uganda THE REPUBLIC OF UGANDA July 2018 Conclusions These guidelines have been prepared based on the experience of established cage fish farms in Uganda, experiments conducted by NaFIRRI, and acceptable international standards for cage fish farming. Besides informing him that they could not meet his demand they also told him that no one would in Uganda. This has been the unofficial definition until lately, when fish farming was introduced on the menu of farming in the country. The use of insect protein in aquafeeds is also possible in the future. UGPulse.com is proudly powered by UgaTechUSA, Inc. A worker feeding fish as Digo Tugumisirize looks on. Unlike other fish farmers who have engaged in the business after government calls, Digo was inspired to start fish farming after his visit to Singapore in 1997 where he leisurely visited a fish-farming village. One project in particular, in Zhongshan, is unprecedented in size and scope, the largest fish farm in the world, covering some 600 acres and using the most advanced water-recycling technology. But rankings are shifting with new entrants. Environmental Problems with Fish Farming. M.N. Human resources: There are currently an estimated 12 000 farmers involved in aquaculture, with about 150 service providers or extension workers employed by local governments. New, introduced his ideas in a well-received keynote address at the annual meeting of the World Aquaculture Society in 2003 when he was President of the European Aquaculture Society (address available here on Thingser). In your opinion, what would it take to bring aquaculture into the 21st century, what remains to be done? Booming … There are broad categories, of course – macroalgae, molluscs, fish, and crustaceans – but within each there are huge numbers of individual species farmed. Tom Frese consulted on this assignment over a two-year period and gave us reliable, comprehensive and detailed expert advice. : A major problem dogging the further expansion of aquaculture in many countries is over-regulation. Still, fish farming is not a widely practiced trade and the few people engaged in it are facing setbacks because little is know about it. Even at the time of the Naylor paper, marine ingredients were also included in feeds for terrestrial animal production. What was wrong with aquaculture development aid, what were the challenges, what needed to be done? Reynolds, J.E., 1991. Post Box 7062, Kampala Uganda. The lion’s share of aquaculture production, some 90 percent, comes from developing countries, and while most fish farms are in Asia, aquaculture’s highest growth rates have of late been in Africa and South and Central America. At 6 cm the fingerlings are taken to nursery ponds. Those who have had some training in the management of ponds usually fertilize their ponds with either chicken droppings or cow … Fisheries Statistics and Information Systems, FAO/UNDP Project UGA/87/007. Perhaps what is really unsettling is humanity’s newfound ability to reshape nature and that goes far beyond aquaculture. A presidential advisor and his deputy earn more than 908.5 million Ugandan shillings, enough to pay 378 primary school teachers a salary of 200,000 Ugandan shillings a month. +256 773 … (2) Farmers revealed that overall pond productivity was better in integrated aquaculture-agriculture (IAA) and they found the IAA technology easy to adopt. "I had to make an even harder decision. Uganda produces up to 15 000 tonnes of fish from aquaculture, including production from small-scale fish farmers, emerging commercial fish farmers and stocked community water reservoirs and minor lakes. Design for Change Founder - Kiran Bir Sethi, Justin's 'Suds 4 Society' with Design For Change. UGANDA - Fish dealers have called upon the Government to intervene in fish feeds production. The dealers complain that the feeds on the market are sub-standard and lead to stunted growth, affecting the profitability of f… October 2012. Nine years down the road, although not yet mature, Digo's Sunfish Farms Ltd is the leading private producer of all types of fingerlings (young fish used by fishermen as baits to catch big fish), African catfish and Tilapia in Uganda. After relentlessly making his farm ready for stocking, the upbeat Digo approached the government fish farm with a supply request of six hundred thousand fish eggs. Farming in Uganda has been synonymous with raring of animals and cultivating of crops. Successful candidates also pay a commission of 100,000 Uganda shillings to the company for securing the temporary jobs. An estimated 9 million people were engaged in fish farming in 2006 (FAO 2009a), around 94 per cent in Asia. This density of fish creates problems like disease and pollution. Until recently, most fish farmers in Uganda were poor people in villages who practiced aquaculture for subsistence with ponds of usually less than 500 m 2 constructed using family labour. Quoting the World Bank and USAID research, Digo says that 3 million fingerlings are needed by fishmongers as baits on Lake Victoria. A 1 kg mother fish lays about 50,000 eggs and the bigger the size and quality, the bigger the number of eggs laid. M.N. M.N. : This problem is being tackled. DEMAND AND SUPPLY CONSTRAINTS AND THEIR RESOLUTION ... Management Challenges for the shared fisheries of the Western Ugandan Great Lakes. Another criticism of tropical coastal aquaculture was mangrove destruction…For example, a 1997 Asian Institute of Technology study found that over half of the mangroves in Thailand were destroyed by human activity – of which 32% was caused by shrimp farming. But was it? Lubega Emmanuel answers his call. But how? We retained AquaSol, Inc. to research and advise us on the potential to establish a commercial fish-farming operation in Uganda. Jo Nganda of Jozy'z Boutique - The lady with a passion for fashion. For a long time, aquaculture was the foster child of agriculture, but now it has come of age: output has more than tripled over the past 20 years, making it the world’s fastest-growing food producing sector. Women are very important to the economic development of any African nation. Impakter.com uses cookies to enhance your experience when visiting the website and to serve you with advertisements that might interest you. By continuing to use this site, you agree to our use of cookies. : The public are also becoming aware that production from capture fisheries has peaked and remains fairly static. But that was fifteen years ago, is it still a problem today? AwF founder, Michael B. A few farmers like Digo Tugumisirize have engaged fish farming on a large scale despite the challenges. With a production close to 80 million tons annually, fish farming provides the world with 17 percent of its animal protein. Booming cage fish farming. To learn more about Ultimate Media Consult go to, National Agricultural Research Organization (NARO). 2014 • Focus on price transmissions in small -scale and large-scale fishery and aquaculture value chains in 14 developed and developing countries. This Policy Briefseeks to demystify the practice ofcage culture by olltlining what the practice requires and how an average Ugandan fish farmer can take up profitable commercial fish farming. 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