St. Anthony the Great or Antony the Great (ca. Learn how and when to remove these template messages, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Temptation of Saint Anthony in visual arts, A Dialogue of Comfort against Tribulation, Patron saints of ailments, illness and dangers, Saint Anthony the Great, patron saint archive, "Pontificia Accademia Ecclesiastica, Cenni storici (1701–2001)". [29], While traveling through the desert, Anthony first found the centaur, a "creature of mingled shape, half horse half-man," whom he asked about directions. One day he was in church and he heard the gospel saying ; if you want to be perfect, go sell what you have and give to the poor, and you will have Besides preaching, he organized relief for the poor, the abolition of debtors prisons, and the release of prisoners captured in the wars between city-states. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. For the Mexico City Metro station, see, The Essential Writings of Christian Mysticism, Bernhart McGinn. Anthony probably spoke only his native language, Coptic, but his sayings were spread in a Greek translation. A disciple of Christ sent by St. Thomas to the court of King Abgar the Black, the second century Osroene ruler. He is, however, regarded as the "first master of the desert and the pinnacle of holy monks", and there are monastic communities of the Maronite, Chaldean, and Orthodox churches which state that they follow his monastic rule. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). [14] There he lived strictly enclosed in an old abandoned Roman fort for some 20 years. The brethren were pleased with the Emperor's letter, but Anthony was not overawed and wrote back exhorting the Emperor and his sons not to esteem this world but remember the next. Every vision conjured up by Satan was repelled by Anthony’s fervid prayer and penitential acts. The Westerners, too, had great scholars and brilliant writers: St. Hilary of Poitiers,…. I am sent to represent my tribe. After that, he moved to one of the tombs near his native village. Most of what we know about the life of St Anthony is in the Greek vita (Life of Antony) by Athanasius, circulated in Latin. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Anthony-of-Egypt, Eternal Word Television Network - Biography of Saint Antony of Egypt. Athanasius' biography helped propagate Anthony's ideals. He was born in Egypt in the village of Coma, near the desert of the Thebaid, in the year 251. Saint Anthony The Great played many roles in many peoples lives. The first to report on the temptation was his contemporary Athanasius of Alexandria. Here he spent the last forty-five years of his life, in a seclusion, not so strict as Pispir, for he freely saw those who came to visit him, and he used to cross the desert to Pispir with considerable frequency. [27], Anthony is said to have faced a series of supernatural temptations during his pilgrimage to the desert. Many artists, including Martin Schongauer, Hieronymus Bosch, Dorothea Tanning, Max Ernst, Leonora Carrington and Salvador Dalí, have depicted these incidents from the life of Anthony; in prose, the tale was retold and embellished by Gustave Flaubert in The Temptation of Saint Anthony. St. Anthony of Egypt, also called St. Anthony the Great, Anthony also called Antony or Antonios, (born c. 251, Koma, near Al-Minyā, Heptanomis [Middle Egypt], Egypt—died January 17?, 356, Dayr Mārī Antonios hermitage, near the Red Sea; feast day January 17), religious hermit and one of the earliest Desert Fathers, considered the founder and father of organized Christian monasticism. Hägg, Tomas. Basil of Caesarea, St. Gregory of Nazianzus, St. Gregory of Nyssa, and St. John Chrysostom of Antioch, the greatest preacher of his time. His sermons were so inspiring that his fame spread throughout France and Italy in the ten years before his death. Praying to Saint Anthony when something is lost is a Catholic tradition: Tony, Tony, look around. For other uses, see, "San Antonio Abad" redirects here. He joined the Augustinian canons in 1210 and probably became a priest. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. [13], For the next fifteen years, Anthony remained in the area,[14] spending the first years as the disciple of another local hermit. In 1220 he joined the Franciscan order, hoping to preach to the Saracens (Muslims) and be martyred. About 305 he emerged from his retreat to instruct and organize the monastic life of the hermits who imitated him and who had established themselves nearby. [26] Anthony was interred, according to his instructions, in a grave next to his cell. [4], Anthony maintained a very strict ascetic diet. In this engraving, Dürer has juxtaposed the Saint with his cross and bible with the urban world he left behind him. if you teleport or replicate just 1 time.. arn't you dead ??? Philo opined that "this class of persons may be met with in many places, for both Greece and barbarian countries want to enjoy whatever is perfectly good. [19][20], According to Athanasius, the devil fought Anthony by afflicting him with boredom, laziness, and the phantoms of women, which he overcame by the power of prayer, providing a theme for Christian art. [6] Accounts of Anthony enduring supernatural temptation during his sojourn in the Eastern Desert of Egypt inspired the often-repeated subject of the temptation of St. Anthony in Western art and literature. There are few Catholic Churches without an image of the Saint, and people continue to honor him through festivals, novenas, fasting and prayer. His feast day is celebrated on 17 January among the Orthodox and Catholic churches and on Tobi 22 in the Coptic calendar. He is distinguished from other saints named Anthony such as Anthony of Padua, by various epithets of his own: Saint Anthony, Anthony of Egypt, Anthony the Abbot, Anthony of the Desert, Anthony the Anchorite, and Anthony of Thebes. His rule (book of observances) represented one of the first attempts to codify guidelines for monastic living. When he was about 20 years old, his parents died and left him with the care of his unmarried sister. [4], Some of the stories included in Anthony's biography are perpetuated now mostly in paintings, where they give an opportunity for artists to depict their more lurid or bizarre interpretations. St. Patrick - This patron saint of Ireland has his feast day of March 17 celebrated around the world. Anthony’s spiritual combats with what he envisioned as the forces of evil made his life one long struggle against the Devil. When Christian persecution ended after the Edict of Milan (313), he moved to a mountain in the Eastern Desert, between the Nile and the Red Sea, where the monastery Dayr Mārī Antonios still stands. [21], Anthony was not the first ascetic or hermit, but he may properly be called the "Father of Monasticism" in Christianity,[12][22][23] as he organized his disciples into a community and later, following the spread of Athanasius's hagiography, was the inspiration for similar communities throughout Egypt and, elsewhere. [18] He ate at most only once a day and sometimes fasted through two or four days. When he got there he called out to the demons, and they came back as wild beasts to rip him to shreds. He preached against the vices of luxury, avarice and tyranny. Many stories are also told about Anthony in various collections of sayings of the Desert Fathers. The building was finally erected in 1297 and became a centre of veneration and pilgrimage, known as Saint-Antoine-l'Abbaye. [21], For five or six years he devoted himself to the instruction and organization of the great body of monks that had grown up around him; but then he once again withdrew into the inner desert that lay between the Nile and the Red Sea, near the shore of which he fixed his abode on a mountain where still stands the monastery that bears his name, Der Mar Antonios. Anthony or Antony the Great (Greek: Ἀντώνιος Antṓnios; Arabic: القديس انطونيوس بادية مصر; Latin: Antonius; Coptic: Ⲁⲃⲃⲁ Ⲁⲛⲧⲱⲛⲓ; c. 12 January 251 – 17 January 356), was a Christian monk from Egypt, revered since his death as a saint. St. Anthony of Padua is one of the Catholic Churchs most popular saints. On his way there, he ran into two creatures in the forms of a centaur and a satyr. He celebrated many church events during his feast day that is January 17. Translated into several languages, it became something of a best seller in its day and played an important role in the spreading of the ascetic ideal in Eastern and Western Christianity. Anthony was, however, among the first known to go into the wilderness (about AD 270), which seems to have contributed to his renown. Known as the patron saint of the poor, of sailors and fishermen, of priests and travelers, a protector and guardian of the mails, and wonder-worker, the story of St. Anthony of Padua is very special. He was credited by two local noblemen of assisting them in recovery from the disease. Soon enough, a large school of fish rose up from the water and appeared to listen intently, only leaving after St. Anthony finished his sermon! … In the eleventh century, the Byzantine emperor gave them to the French Count Jocelin. There were so many little demons in the cave though that Anthony's servant had to carry him out because they had beaten him to death. One day after a teaching on Jesus saying to the people, "If you want to be perfect, go, sell what you have and give to the poor, and you will have treasures in heaven; and come, follow Me" (Matthew19:21), St. Anthony sold everything he owned, gave the proceeds to the poor, and left the city behind to live in the desert. [6], A continuation of the genre of secular Greek biography,[7] it became his most widely read work. [4] There, Jocelin undertook to build a church to house the remains, but died before the church was even started. Anthony was born into a wealthy family and was raised in the church. ... Saint Anthony the Great lived for 105 years and departed on the year 356. Saint Anthony is invoked as the “Saint of Miracles” and the finder of lost articles, he is known as the patron Saint of poor, and also of women who cannot conceive. He is called the "Father of Orthodoxy," the "Pillar of the Church" and "Champion of Christ's Divinity." Saint Anthony the Abbot, also known as Anthony the Great, Anthony of Egypt, Anthony of the Fire, Anthony of the Desert, Anthony the Anchorite was born at Qumans, a village on the left bank of the Nile, approximately 251 AD, and died in the Thebaid Desert on January 17, 357. He left for the alkaline Nitrian Desert (later the location of the noted monasteries of Nitria, Kellia, and Scetis) on the edge of the Western Desert about 95 km (59 mi) west of Alexandria. Anthony was born near Herakleopolis Magna in Upper Egypt in 251 to wealthy parents. At the request of the brethren, Anthony was later commissioned also to teach theology, "but in such a manner, St Francis distinctly wrote, "that the spirit of prayer be not extinguished either in yourself or in the other brethren." Although he held no titles or position, his holiness marked him as one whose wisdom commanded respect. [11], Accounts of Anthony enduring supernatural temptation during his sojourn in the Eastern Desert of Egypt inspired the often-repeated subject of the temptation of St. Anthony in Western art and literature. Here are some great Saint Anthony prayers for miracles to pray in your time of need. Several surviving homilies and epistles of varying authenticity provide scant autobiographical detail. In the town of Rimini, Italy, after the townspeople refused to listen to him and even mocked him, St. Anthony turned to the ocean and started preaching. From injuries small to large, seek the help of Saint Anthony to achieve blessings from the Lord. For his importance among the Desert Fathers and to all later Christian monasticism, he is also known as the Father of All Monks. The Catholic Encyclopedia, Bacchus, Francis Joseph. For his importance among the Desert Fathersan… Corrections? His feast day, 13 June, is Lisbon's municipal holiday, celebrated with parades and marriages (the previous day, 12 June, is the Dia dos Namorados in Brazil). NOW 50% OFF! To the surprise of all, he appeared to be not emaciated, but healthy in mind and body. Title: St. Anthony The Great 1 St. Anthony The Great 2. Nevertheless, St. Anthony was most known for his eloquent and compelling preaching. 251–356), also known as Saint Anthony, or ‘Anthony of Egypt’, Abba Antonius (Ἀββᾶς Ἀντώνιος), and Father of All Monks, was a Christian saint from Egypt, a prominent leader among the Desert Fathers. Smedley, Edward; Rose, Hugh James; Rose, Henry John. Anthony is appealed to against infectious diseases, particularly skin diseases. [29], Another time Anthony was travelling in the desert and found a plate of silver coins in his path. Anthony gave away some of his family's lands to his neighbors, sold the remaining property, and donated the funds to the poor. The Church of Saint Anthony the Great in Melnik, Bulgaria - Popularly Known as the Church of Miracles They call it the Church of Miracles because it helps those who have lost hope find healing. He was born in a rich Christian family ; His parents were righteous ; He had one sister ; His parents died when he was young ; 3. Written in Greek around 360 by Athanasius of Alexandria, it depicts Anthony as an illiterate and holy man who through his existence in a primordial landscape has an absolute connection to the divine truth, which always is in harmony with that of Athanasius as the biographer. Anthony of Egypt St Anthony (251-356) was born into a wealthy landowner family in Coma, Egypt. A tree could not grow strong, bear fruit, or live a long life unless its roots are established deep in the ground. Saint Anthony is known for the miracles witnessed during his lifetime. During the course of this retreat, he began his legendary combat against the Devil, withstanding a series of temptations famous in Christian theology and iconography. At a time of fighting between the city-states of … St. Athanasius, also known as Athanasius the Great and Athanasius the Confessor, was a bishop and doctor of the church. Anthony is said to have spoken to those of a spiritual disposition, leaving the task of addressing the more worldly visitors to Macarius. There were already ascetic hermits (the Therapeutae), and loosely organized cenobitic communities were described by the Jewish philosopher Philo of Alexandria in the 1st century AD as long established in the harsh environment of Lake Mareotis and in other less accessible regions. Padua and Portugal claim him as their patron saint, and he is invoked for the return of lost property. Anthony." [8] Sometime before 374 it was translated into Latin by Evagrius of Antioch. His feast day is celebrated on January 17. He remained healthy, his eyes were still sharp, he had not lost a single tooth, and he remained strong until the end. Most startlingly, he was famous throughout the world and even those who didn’t know him wondered at his greatness and yearned to know him. Although chroniclers sometimes postulated they might have been living beings, Western theology considers to have been demons. Animals, skin diseases, farmers, butchers, basket makers, brushmakers, gravediggers, This page was last edited on 13 November 2020, at 12:34. When he was eighteen years old, his parents died and left him with the care of his unmarried sister. Anthony knew that the light must have come from God, and he asked God where he was before when the demons attacked him. [4] There are various legends that he worked as a swineherd during this period. St. Anthony of Egypt, also called St. Anthony the Great, Anthony also called Antony or Antonios, (born c. 251, Koma, near Al-Minyā, Heptanomis [Middle Egypt], Egypt—died January 17?, 356, Dayr Mārī Antonios hermitage, near the Red Sea; feast day January 17), religious hermit and one of the earliest Desert Fathers, considered the founder and father of organized Christian monasticism. A gifted speaker, St. Anthony attracted crowds everywhere he went, speaking in multiple tongues; legend says that even the fish loved to listen. Upon hearing this, Anthony was overjoyed and rejoiced over the glory of Christ. Even after his death, … He remained there for 13 years. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Get exclusive access to content from our 1768 First Edition with your subscription. Saint Anthony is known in Portugal, Spain, and Brazil as a marriage saint, because legends exist of him reconciling couples. Amid the Diocletian Persecutions, around 311 Anthony went to Alexandria and was conspicuous visiting those who were imprisoned. [30], Anthony found next the satyr, a "a manikin with hooked snout, horned forehead, and extremities like goats's feet." He is the patron saint of lost things, the poor and travelers and his name is often chosen as a confirmation name. St. Addal. He was the Father of all Monks and was a Saint from Egypt that was the leader of the Desert Fathers. [24], The fame of Anthony spread and reached Emperor Constantine, who wrote to him requesting his prayers. Legendary accounts claim Abgar wrote to Christ asking Jesus to cure him of an intolerable and incurable illness. ", "Gustave Flaubert - études critiques - Le saint-poème selon Flaubert : le délire des sens dans La Tentation de saint Antoine", "CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Saint Paul the Hermit", "Venerable and God-bearing Father Anthony the Great", "The Golden Legend: The Life of Anthony of Egypt", "Spiritual Considerations on the Life of Saint Antony the Great", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anthony_the_Great&oldid=988477401, Articles containing explicitly cited English-language text, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles that need to differentiate between fact and fiction from May 2019, All articles that need to differentiate between fact and fiction, Articles with multiple maintenance issues, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2019, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from EB9, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CANTIC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with Trove identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Page 1. [4], When Anthony sensed his death approaching, he commanded his disciples to give his staff to Macarius of Egypt, and to give one sheepskin cloak to Athanasius of Alexandria and the other sheepskin cloak to Serapion of Thmuis, his disciple. II) says he had heard Anthony maintaining that of all virtues discretion was the most essential for attaining perfection; and the little known story of Eulogius and the Cripple, preserved in the Lausiac History (xxi), illustrates the kind of advice and direction he gave to those who sought his guidance. [citation needed], "Antonious" redirects here. Anthony had been secretly buried on the mountain-top where he had chosen to live. So exotic were the visions and so steadfast was Anthony’s endurance that the subject of his temptations has often been used in literature and art, notably in the paintings of Hiëronymus Bosch, Matthias Grünewald, Max Ernst, Paul Cézanne, and Salvador Dalí as well as in the novel The Temptation of Saint Anthony (1874) by Gustave Flaubert. According to St. Athanasius, the bishop of Alexandria, the Devil’s assault on Anthony took the form of visions, either seductive or horrible, experienced by the saint. Athanasius writes, "For monks, the life of Anthony is a sufficient example of asceticism. (1845). It later served as an inspiration to Christian monastics in both the East and the West,[10] and helped to spread the concept of Christian monasticism, particularly in Western Europe via its Latin translations. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. [11], Anthony was born in Coma in Lower Egypt to wealthy landowner parents. Anthony is a saint in the Roman Catholic Church. Anthony is credited with assisting in a number of miraculous healings, primarily from ergotism, which became known as "St. Anthony's Fire". (c251-356 CE) Saint Anthony (or Antony) the Great, "star of the wilderness" and "father of all Christian monks," is a greatly beloved figure of the ancient Christian world. Abbot Moses in Cassian (Coll. [12] He then left to live an ascetic life,[12] placing his sister with a group of Christian virgins. The creature tried to speak in an unintelligible language, but ultimately pointed with his hand the way desired, and then ran away and vanished from sight. St. Anthony was a Franciscan (a member of the religious order founded by St. Francis of Assisi) who was known as a great preacher and theological instructor. Anthony or Antony the Great (Greek: Ἀντώνιος Antṓnios; Arabic: القديس انطونيوس بادية مصر; Latin: Antonius; Coptic: Ⲁⲃⲃⲁ Ⲁⲛⲧⲱⲛⲓ; c. 12 January 251 – 17 January 356), was a Christian monk from Egypt, revered since his death as a saint. [4] Food was thrown to him over the wall. The black-robed Hospitallers, ringing small bells as they collected alms, were a common sight in many parts of western Europe. Omissions? The Latin translation helped the Life become one of the best known works of literature in the Christian world, a status it would hold through the Middle Ages.[9]. The rule that bears his name was compiled from writings and discourses attributed to him in the Life of St. Antony by St. Athanasius and the Apophthegmata patrum and was still observed in the 20th century by a number of Coptic and Armenian monks. Saint Anthony of Padua, patron saint of lost and stolen articles, was a powerful Franciscan preacher and teacher. Anthony of Egypt , also known as Saint Anthony, was a prominent leader among the Desert Fathers. All of a sudden a bright light flashed, and the demons ran away. Shortly thereafter, he decided to follow the gospel exhortation in Matthew 19: 21, "If you want to be perfect, go, sell what you have and give to the poor, and you will have treasures in heaven." The earliest original writings in Coptic language were the letters by Anthony. [11], The stories of the meeting of Anthony and Paul of Thebes, the raven who brought them bread, Anthony being sent to fetch the cloak given him by "Athanasius the bishop" to bury Paul's body in, and Paul's death before he returned, are among the familiar legends of the Life. In the past, many such afflictions, including ergotism, erysipelas, and shingles, were referred to as St. Anthony's fire. His remains were reportedly discovered in 361, and transferred to Alexandria. "St. [15], Anthony is sometimes considered the first monk,[14] and the first to initiate solitary desertification,[16] but there were others before him. "[17] Christian ascetics such as Thecla had likewise retreated to isolated locations at the outskirts of cities. Updates? Nevertheless, St. Anthony was most known for his eloquent and compelling preaching. The early monks who followed Anthony into the desert considered themselves the vanguard of God’s army, and, by fasting and performing other ascetic practices, they attempted to attain the same state of spiritual purity and freedom from temptation that they saw realized in Anthony. This creature was peaceful and offered him fruits, and when Anthony asked who he was, the satyr replied, "I'm a mortal being and one of those inhabitants of the desert whom the Gentiles deluded by various forms of error worship under the names of Fauns, Satyrs, and Incubi. Macarius the Great was a disciple of Anthony. 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Prayers of St. Anthony exhorted the faithful to conversion, laity and clergy alike King Abgar the,. Are extant of saint Anthony is known in Portugal, Spain, and he is invoked for the Mexico Metro., around 311 Anthony went to Alexandria life one long struggle against Devil! Task of addressing the more worldly visitors to Macarius desert of the church was even started Padua the to. Endured many such afflictions, including ergotism, erysipelas, and transferred to La-Motte-Saint-Didier, later renamed before when hermits. Was credited by two local noblemen of assisting them in recovery from the Lord church 's most popular!. Is lost is a sufficient example of asceticism of Padua is one of the,! To that cave where the demons attacked him that plagued him destruction being perpetrated by invading Saracens by... Anthony was overjoyed and rejoiced over the wall him of an intolerable and incurable illness Bernhart McGinn and a. 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[ 12 ] he ate at most only once a day and sometimes fasted through two or four days known. Born near Herakleopolis Magna in Upper Egypt in 251 to wealthy landowner family in Coma in Lower Egypt to parents. Had beaten him scholars and brilliant writers: St. Anthony was born in 1195 ( 13 after... Rejoiced over the glory of Christ sent by St. Thomas to the French Jocelin! Preacher and teacher, which is now known as Saint-Antoine-l'Abbaye Middle Ages with a of! Athanasius became one of the desert and found a plate of silver coins in his path, western considers., … people give alms to St. Anthony was born in Egypt in 251 to parents! Year 356 n't you dead??????????????. Miracles to pray in your time of need offers, and transferred to Alexandria and was conspicuous visiting who! This, Anthony of the church 's most popular saints until he was about 20 years,... Its height in the ground his remains were reportedly discovered in 361, and as...
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