This expectation relies on the assumption that storm intensities will remain unchanged, and the impacted coral reef communities are similar to those of the recent past; neither assumption is correct. Coral reef mesopredators switch prey, shortening food chains, in response to habitat degradation Coral harvesting for the aquarium trade, jewelry, and curios can lead to over-harvesting of specific species, destruction of reef habitat, and reduced biodiversity. Coral reefs are very sensitive to even small changes in temperature and could therefore collapse. Bleaching is associated with the devastation of coral reefs, which are home to approximately 25 percent of all marine species. Coral die-offs—caused by a process known as bleaching—tend to look as bland and lifeless, in contrast to the vibrant rainbow colors of thriving coral. Impact on Human Health; Human health is heavily impacted by environmental degradation. In 2 decades, the bleaching phase has entering a worse new phase. Coral Reef Degradation. The likelihood of reefs recovering from degradation and returning to environments characterized by live coral, as opposed to undergoing phase shifts to persistent macroalgal-dominated states, is determined by reef resilience (4, 5). Reduction in water quality is responsible for more than two million deaths and billions of illness annually across the globe. Potato eating occurs when coral polyps expel algae that live inside their tissues. Coral reefs cover approximately 26,000 square kilometers (10,039 square miles) around the Philippines. Yet, climate change and local anthropogenic pressures are causing varying degrees of degradation to coral reefs [3–6]. 2019 - 1(2) OAJBS.ID.000115. Climate change will affect coral reef ecosystems, through sea level rise, changes to the frequency and intensity of tropical storms, and altered ocean circulation patterns. For many, coral reef fish provide a major source of dietary protein, as well as livelihoods, a way of life, and cultural identity [1,2]. Degradation of coral reefs also greatly affects human communities that rely on them. The aggregate effects of these stressors can decrease resilience of the reef overall and increase susceptibility to disease and invasive species. Coral Reef Degradation and its Effects economics 22% of reefs are in danger from land-based pollution High upfront cost, long-term savings Costs for bleaching "Moderate" Bleaching = $21 billion "High" Bleaching = $83 billion With all the losses revenue may decrease by 75% ~$800 Overfishing and habitat degradation through climate change pose the greatest threats to sustainability of marine resources on coral reefs. Dead corals are not an ecological end point, and the organisms that replace or colonize them can have positive, rather than negative effects on some species. Despite wide-ranging negative effects of coral reef degradation on reef communities, hope might exist for reef-associated predators that use nursery habitats. In addition to the physical danger to humans, accidents like these can have a severe impact on sensitive marine ecosystems like coral reefs. the effects of changes in coral reefs on fisheries production in Jamaica,178 and the value of coral reef-related tourism in the Florida Keys.179 Other economic valuation studies have been broader-based attempts to quantify the diverse ecologi-cal services or “total economic value” of coral reefs. Specifically, researchers said that the worst bleaching area is in the North Pacific. Scientific evidences have clearly indicated that the earth and oceans are warming. According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, coral reefs support more species per unit area than any other marine environment, making them the … Bleached corals continue to live but begin to starve after bleaching. While there is a reasonable understanding of how coral reef fishes that are directly reliant on corals respond to reef habitat degradation (Wilson et al., 2006), relatively little is known about how indirect effects mediated via the food web affect higher trophic levels. Normally, coral polyps live in an endosymbiotic relationship with these algae, which are crucial for the health of the coral and the reef. Coral reefs provide valuable goods and services to support local and national economies, and degradation of coral reefs can lead to significant economic losses, particularly in the coastal areas of developing countries, through loss of fishing livelihoods, malnutrition due to lack of protein, loss of tourism revenues, and increased coastal erosion. The number of fish caught in coral reef fishing is already 64 percent higher than what can be sustained. On coral reefs, their impacts have been described for decades, leading to the expectation that future storms should have effects similar to those recorded in the past. It is the first study to offer a comprehensive description of the composition of historical and modern Caribbean coral reef molluscan communities. Coral reefs are one of ... increased oceanic CO 2 levels have detrimental effects on coral reefs. Coral reefs are one of the most diverse and valuable ecosystems on earth. People rely on reefs for food, income, and enjoyment. Migration towards coasts led to strong development on land, which often lead to destruction of important coastal ecosystems like mangroves and sea grass beds. Effects of Environmental Degradation. Short Essay on Effects of Global Warming on Coral Reefs – Essay 1 (200 words) Global warming is a threat to coral reef ecosystems. 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